Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 5. Timber-ware Industry - Wood-Pulp Manufacture - The Match industry
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822
x. manufacturing industries of 8wedbn.
calcium bisulphite, the third magnesium bisulphite. The cellulose
produced by Ekman’s process is remarkable for its extraordinary purity
and gloss, which render it possible to make use of it for superfine paper
without further addition; in the manufacture, however, it is rather
more expensive than ordinary sulphite cellulose.
Wood-pulp from Scandinavia is considered superior to that from
Germany; this is due to the fact that the varieties of wood used for
this purpose in Germany contain more resin, and that makes the paper
made from the pulp assume a darker colour. In regard to the quality of
cellulose, Sweden stands first among all countries producing it.
The development of the Swedish wood-pulp manufacture since 1871
may be seen from the following figures1:
Averages. Mills. Workmen. Exports.
Quintal*. Qnlntala. Value In Kmm.
1871/75..............................................19 900 ’ 63,499 46,570 1,095,568
1876/80..............................................24 927 116,631 73,094 1,719,560
1881/85..............................................32 1,343 234,670 109,795 1,971#2
1886/90..............................................57 2,765 620,809 418,536 5,050,678
1891/95..............................................87 4,152 1,534,525 1,061,531 10,216,531
1896 00 ............................................123 6,058 3,351,781 1,977,796 18,830,194
In 1900............................................122 6,910 4,168,769 2,285,427 26,727,787
The production and exports in 1900 of the four varieties of
wood-pulp manufactured were as follows:
Wood-pulp. Production. Exports.
Quintal». Qnlntala. Kronor. Kronor.
Chemically produced, Dry......................1,551,511 1,328,807 15 00 19,933,105
Moist..................666,536 104,256 760 781,913
Mechanically > Dry......................544,703 484,028 9 00 4,356.251
Moist..................1,406,019 368,336 4-50 1,657,513
Total 4,168,700 2,285,427 — 26,727,787
Wood-pulp chemically prepared has grown in bulk both in the figures
for manufacture and exports. In 1900, 63 % of the wood-pulp exported
was of chemical preparation, and in value it was 77-5 % of the whole.
Almost all the Läns in Sweden are engaged more or less in the
wood-pulp industry, the chief, however, are Vermland, Gefleborg,
Vesternorrland, Elfsborg, and Jönköping, with 8/a of the whole in value. The
exports to England are about 60 % of the whole; other countries supplied
are Belgium, Denmark, France, Norway, and Germany.
The Match Industry.
Match-making is one of the most important among Swedish
chemical industries. Between 1830 and 1840, J. S. Bagge, professor at
the Technical High School in Stockholm, made great exertions
towards obtaining light by means of friction matches. Though the
1 A quintal = 197 cwts. A krona = l lO shilling or 0 268 dollar.
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