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632 ORGANS OF GENERATION.
Maly ’ found two pigments free from iron in the eggs of a water-spider (Maja
squinado)—one a red (riteUorubin) and the other a yellow pigment (vitellolutein)
.
Both of these pigments are colored blue by nitric acid containing nitrous acid
and a beautiful green by concentrated sulphuric acid.
The mineral bodies of the yolk of the egg consist, according to Poleck,2
of 51.2-65.7 parts soda, 80.5-89.3 potash, 122.1-132.8 lime, 20.7-21.1
magnesia, 11.90-14.5 iron oxide, 638.1-667.0 phosphoric acid, and 5.5-
14.0 parts silicic acid in 1000 parts of the ash. We find phosphoric acid,
and lime the most abundant, and then potash, which is somewhat greater
in quantity than the soda. These results are not, however, quite cor-
rect: first, because no dissolved phosphate occurs in the yolk (Lieber-
mann), and secondly, in burning, phosphoric and sulphuric acids are
produced, and these drive away the chlorine, which is not accounted
for in the above analyses.
The yolk of the hen’s egg weighs about 12-18 grams. The quan-
tity of water and solids amounts, according to Parke,3
to 471.9 p. m.
and 528.1 p. m. respectively. Among the solids he found 156.3 p. m.
protein, 3.53 p. m. soluble and 6.12 p. m. insoluble salts. The quantity
of fat, according to Parke, is 228.4 p. m.; the lecithin, calculated from
the amount of phosphorus in the organic substance of the alcohol-ether
extract, was 107.2 p. m. and the cholesterin 17.5 p. m.
The white of the egg is a faintly yellow albuminous fluid inclosed
in a framework of thin membranes; and this fluid is in itself very liquid,
but seems viscous because of the presence of these fine membranes. That
substance which forms the membranes, and of which the chalaza con-
sists, seems to be a body closely related to horn substances (Lieber-
mann) .
The white of egg has a specific gravity of 1.038-1.045, and always
has an alkaline reaction toward litmus. It contains 850-880 p. m. water,
100-130 p. m. protein bodies, and 7 p. m. salts. Lehmann found a fer-
mentable variety of sugar which Salkowski showed was glucose. C. Th.
Morner could not find any other sugar in egg-white; the quantity of
glucose as found by Morner 4
was 3-5 p. m. Besides these one finds
in the white of egg traces of fats, soaps, lecithin and cholesterin.
The white of egg of the Insessores becomes transparent on boiling and acts
in many respects like alkali albuminate. This albumin Tarchanofp 6
called
" tatalbumin."
1
Monatshefte f. Chem., 2.
2
Cited from v. Gorup-Besanez, Lehrbuch d. physiol. Chem., 4, Aufl., 740.
1
Hoppe-Seyler, Med. chem. Untersuch., Heft 2, 209.
* Lehmann, Lehrb. d. physiol. Chem. 2 Aufl. 1855, Bd. 1, s. 271; Bd. 2, s. 312.
Salkowski, Centralbl. f. d. med. Wiss., 31 (1893); Morner. Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem;
80 (1912).
* Pfliiger’s Arch., 31, 33, and 39.
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