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614 BRAIN AND NERVES.
According to Fr. Falk j
the cerebrosides occur in the medullary
nerve fibers as well as in the nerves without medullas. These latter
yielded much less substance on extraction than the medullary, namely,
11.51 per cent extract as compared to 46.59 per cent. The extract of
the first was poorer in cerebrosides, but richer in cholesterin, cephalin
and lecithin, as shown by the following figures.
Non-medullary fibers Medullary fibers in
in p. m. of the total p. m. of the total
extract extract
Cholesterin 470 250
Cephalin 237 124
Cerebrosides 60 182
Lecithins 98 29
S. Frankel and L. Dimitz 2
find that the spinal marrow contains on
an average 740 p. m. water, 180 p. m. lipoids and 80 p. m. protein. The
quantity of cholesterin (in the fresh, spinal marrow containing water)
is 40 p. m., the unsaturated phosphatide 120 p. m., and the saturated
15 p. m. The spinal marrow is the richest part of the nervous system
in unsaturated phosphatides and it contains abundance of cephalin.
According to Noll the white substance of the spinal marrow is some-
what richer in protagon than the brain, and in nerve degeneration the
quantity of protagon diminishes. The method used by him would not
allow of an exact determination of the disputed substance protagon.
Mott and Halliburton 3
have also shown that in degenerative diseases
of the nervous system, the quantity of substances containing phosphorus
diminishes, and that in these cases, especially in general paralysis, choline
passes into the cerebrospinal fluid and the blood. In degenerated nerves,
the quantity of water increases, and the phosphorus decreases. On
comparative investigations of the central nervous system of normal
persons, and those afflicted with dementia prsecox (5 cases), Koch 4
found
that the variation from the normal composition was not great enough
nor so constant that positive conclusions could be drawn therefrom.
The quantity of neurokeratin in the nerves and the different parts
of the brain has been carefully determined by Kuhne and Chittenden.5
They found 3.16 p. m. in the plexus brachialis, 3.12 p. m. in the cortex
of the cerebellum, 22.434 p. m. in the white substance of the cerebrum,
25.72-29.02 p. m. in the white substance of the corpus callosum, and
3.27 p. m. in the gray substance of the cortex of the cerebrum (when
1
Bioch. Zeitschr., 13.
* Ibid., 28.
1
Noll, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 27; Mott and Halliburton, Philos. Transactions.
Ser. B., 191 (1899), and 194 (1901).
4
Arch, of Neurology, 3.
* Zeitschr. f . Biologje, 26.
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