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BONE. 551
IU. BONE.
The bony structure proper, when free from other format inns occurring
in bones, such a- marrow, nerves, and blood-vessels, consists of cella and
a matrix.
The alls have not been closely studied in regard to their chemical
constitution. On boiling with water they yield no gelatin. They
contain no keratin, which usually should not be present in the bony
structure (Herbert Smith *).
The matrix of the bony structure contains two chief constituents,
namely, an organic substance, and the so-called bone-earths, lime-salts,
inclosed in or combined with it. If bones are treated with dilute hydro-
chloric acid at the ordinary temperature, the lime-salts are dissolved
and the organic substance remains as an elastic mass, preserving the
shape of the bone.
The organic matrix consists chiefly of ossein, which is generally
considered as identical with the collagen of the connective tissue. It
also contains, as Hawk and Gies 2
have shown, mucoid and albuminoid.
After the removal of the lime-salts by hydrochloric acid of 2-5 p. m.
these experimenters were able to extract the mucoid by one-half sat-
urated lime-water, and to precipitate it with 2 p. m. hydrochloric acid.
After the removal of the osseomucoid and collagen (by boiling with
water) they obtained the albuminoid as an insoluble residue.
The osseomucoid on boiling wr
ith hydrochloric acid yielded a reduc-
ing substance and sulphuric acid; 1.11 per cent sulphur appearing in
this form. The osseomucoid stands close to the chondro- and tendon
mucoid in elementary composition, as may be seen from the follow-
ing analyses:
c h n s o
Osseomucoid 47.43 6.63 12.22 2.32 31 .40 (Hawk and Gies)
Chondromucoid. . .. 47.30 6.42 12.58 2.42 31.28 (C. Morner)
Tendon mucoid ... . 48.76 6.53 11.75 2.33 30.60 (Chittenden and Gies)
Corneal mucoid.. .. 50.16 6.97 12.79 2.07 28.01 (C. Morner)
The osseoalbuminoid is insoluble in 2 p. m. hydrochloric acid, and
in 5 p. m. Xa2CC>3, but dissolves in 10 per cent KOH with the formation
of albuminates. The composition of chondro- and osseoalbuminoid
is as follows:
c
Osseoalbuminoid 50 16
Chondroalbuminoid . . . 50 46
1
Zeitschr. f. Biologie, 19.
s
Amer. Journ. of Physiol., 5 and
H
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