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ABSORPTION OF FATS. 539
feces consists of fatty acid, while under normal conditions the feces
contain 1 part neutral fat to about 2-2£ parts free fatty acids. It ia
not possible to state how this increased quantity of fatty acids in the fat
of the feces is produced upon the exclusion of the bile from the intestine.
There is no doubt that the bile is of great importance in the absorp-
tion of fats. Still there is also no doubt that rather considerable quan-
tities of fat may be absorbed from the intestine in the absence of bile.
What relation does the pancreatic juice bear to this fact?
Upon this point a rather large number of observations on animals
have been made by Abelmann and Minkowski, Sandmeyer, Harley,
Rosenberg, Hedon and Ville, and also on man by Fr. Muller and
Deucher.1
In all of these investigations a more or less diminished
absorption of fat was observed after the extirpation or destruction of
the gland, or the exclusion of the juice from the intestine. The results
are very diverse as to the extent of this diminution, as in certain cases
no absorption of fat was observed, while, in other cases, a considerable
absorption was noted in the same class of animal (dog) and even in the
same animal. According to Minkowski and Abelmann, after the total
extirpation of the pancreas, the fat of the food introduced is not absorbed
at all, with the exception of milk, of which 28-53 per cent of the fat is
absorbed. Other investigators have obtained different results, and Har-
ley has observed a case where in a dog an absorption of only 4 per cent
of the milk fat, or, on the complete exclusion of intestinal bacteria, even
no absorption, took place. The conditions may vary in the different
cases, and the behavior is not the same in different varieties of animals.
As shown by Lombroso, there exists an essential difference between
the action of the extirpation of the gland, or a prevented flow of the
secretion into the intestine. In the last case, as the experiments reported
by Niemann show, no essential disturbance of the absorption takes place,
while the total extirpation of the gland is followed by a marked dis-
turbance (Lombroso 2
). This investigator is also of the opinion that
the pancreas, independent of the external secretion in any way (by
endocrinic bodies), influences the absorption of the foodstuffs and the
activity of the pancreas enzymes in the intestine. In order to judge
this view it would be of the greatest interest to know how the exclusion
of the pancreatic juice from the intestine acts upon the other factors
1
Muller, " Unters. liber den Icterus," Zeitschr. f. klin. Med., 12; H6don and
Ville, Arch, de Physiol. (5), 9; Harley, Journ. of Physiol., 18, Journ. of Pathol, and
Bacteriol., 1895, and Proceed. Roy. Soc, 61. In regard to the other authors see foot-
note 1, p. 532.
2
Lombroso, see Bioch. Centralbl., 3, 67 and 566, and 4, 73S; also Compt. rend,
soc. biol., 57; Hofmeister’s Beitriige, 8, 11; Pfluger’s^Arch., 112; and Arch. f. exp.
Path. u. Pharm., 56 and 60; Niemann, 1. c.
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