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- Post, Telegraph and Telephone, by Bernh. Andersen, Andr. M. Hansen and J. T. Sommerschild
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TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE SYSTEMS.
On the 1st January, 1855, Norway’s first telegraph-line was
opened between Kristiania and Drammen. In June of the same
year, a line was laid to the Swedish frontier, and thus communication
established with foreign countries. In order to procure a
somewhat complete telegraph system for the whole land, considerable
constructive energy was expended in the next succeeding
years; and on reaching the most northerly towns in the country,
Hammerfest, Vadsø and Vardø, in 1870, the trunk lines of the
telegraph system may be said to have been completed. The chief
lines are from Kristiania, through Gudbrandsdalen and Trondhjem,
to Vadsø, the lines branching off from these to Romsdalen
and Bergen; lines from Kristiania through Kongsvinger and through
Smaalenene to Sweden; from Kristiania along the coast to
Stavanger and Bergen, and the coast-line from Bergen to Trondhjem.
In conjunction with these main lines, there is a local telegraphic
sytem, which, however, is mainly confined to the
fishing-districts.
The management of the telegraph and telephone has always
been a government monopoly, though in such a manner that
within the boundaries of a municipality it was originally free.
There was no law on this matter before 1881. While the working
of the telegraph has always been undertaken by the government,
that of the telephone, from the very first, was conceded to private
enterprise. The development of circumstances gradually brought
about a change in this, and in 1886, the first government line was
laid, arranged exclusively for telephonic communication. It may
now be considered a fixed principle that the government takes over
the connecting lines between the various parts of the country, and
between the towns; while the working of the local telephone may
for the present be left to private enterprise, but in such a manner
that the government reserves to itself the right of establishing or
taking over local telephones to whatever extent may be deemed
advisable in the interests of the public. In accordance with this, a
new act appeared in 1899, giving the government the sole right of
putting up telegraph and telephone lines, doing away with the
former liberty to work a telephone within the boundaries of a
municipality, and at the same time giving the government the
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