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With regard to the density of the population, it will be
advisable to distinguish between Northern Norway, comprising the
Tromsø diocese, and Southern Norway, under which the five
southern dioceses may be classed. The former extends generally as
a narrow coast region through 6 degrees of latitude, with a rugged
shore, dotted with innumerable islands, and is generally only about
a fourth part so thickly populated as the remainder of the country.
The greater part of the population has gathered along the coast
and upon the islands, of which a few in the Lofoten group, which
are the scene of the great annual cod-fisheries, are comparatively
thickly populated. A few coast districts, too, on Helgeland, have a
relatively large population. On the other hand, throughout Northern
Norway, the inland districts are for the most part uninhabited.
South of the Trondhjem Fjord, the country increases
considerably in width, the coast-line sloping very much westwards as
far as Stad, south of which, the country between about 62° and
59° maintains the same width, and then tapers off to the south.
Almost the whole of this space is filled by mountains, which
descend precipitously to the sea towards the west, and afford only
scant room for building along the coast, on the islands fringing
it, and along the fjords. Towards the south and south-east the
incline is more gentle, and the mountain masses are broken up
by several narrow, but long valleys, traversed by rivers, and
affording a narrow space for the building of habitations. In the
south-eastern part of the country, about the Kristiania Fjord, the country
has a flatter character, and the rivers coming from the N and
NW, form lakes of varying sizes in their course, in the vicinity
of which the land is cultivated and to some extent quite thickly
populated. South of Trondhjem, Norway is represented on a
population-chart as a large blank surface with a more or less
narrow margin of inhabited country along the coast, interrupted
in several places by stretches of altogether uninhabited country;
and south of the Dovre Mountains, running chiefly in a
south-south-easterly direction, and north of those mountains, running in
a northerly direction, are inhabited clefts in the mountain masses.
The boundaries between the inland thinly-peopled-district, and the
outer, better populated coast region, cannot of course be drawn
with perfect precision, but are yet generally quite distinct.
The districts on the east and south sides of the Trondhjem
Fjord are among the most thickly populated in the country. Here
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