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132 , Of the Laplanders Cattel.
each other. Each CheeSe requires as much milk as ten Rain-deers can Spare:
their Shape is round about two fingers thick, and as big as a Trencher,
which we uSe at table, their Milk makes very fet CheeSe, but no Butter,
instead of which they have a kind of tallow, as I Shew’d before.
Now the Laplanders having Such advantages Srom theSe beafts, take great
care in driving them to their Meadows, and deSending them Srom wild Beafts.
They are fo concerned Sor them , that they bring their Wives , Children,
and Servants, to watch them in the paftures, and drive thoSe that wander
back to the Herd. When milking time comes, they drive them into folds,
which are Spots of ground, hedged in with hurdles ftuckon forks, each
fold having two doors , one by which they enter, the other which carries
them out into their Medows. Their meat in Summer is the beft graSs the
Mountains afford , with leaves of young Trees. They avoid all hard rough
graSs, especially where BullruShes grow. The otherSeaSons of the year
they feed on a kind of white MoSs , which abounds in Lapland: when the
Mountains are covered with Snow , they Scrape out this MoSs with their
feet- And S. Rheen obServes that tho they get leaft food in the Winter
quarter , they grow whiterand fatter then at other times, for in Summer
the exceffive heat makes them worSe. TheSe Cattel too are fubjedt to
dif-SeaSes, which if once begun , Spread and kill the whole Herd, but this very
rarely. They are infefted with that more frequently, which Olaut deScribes.
About March worms or wornels do begin to breed in their backs, which
when alive, creep out and make the Beafts skin, if then killed, full of holes,
like a Seive , and almoft ufeleSs.
The Wolves trouble them, tho they have their horns to defend
themfelves 5 but they are not alwaies fo armed, for they caft their horns once
a year, which grow again very Slowly. The Does never caft theirs till they
have calved. The Rain-deers ufe not their horns when they encounter the
Wolves fo much as their forefeet, with thefe they receive them coming on,
otherwife their feet defend them by flight, which they can ea’fily do, if
not hindred by Snow. The third inconveniency is that if they be not very
carefully lookt to, they will wander and be loft, therefore the owners pur
certain marks on them to diftinguifh them from others ; their marks they
put fometimeson their ears , and not their horns, becaufe they caft them.
But if they efcape all accidents whatever, they never live above ioyears.
And thus much for the Rain-deers, which alone fupply the want ofHorfes,
Sheep , and other Cattel. Therefore the Inhabitants apply themfelves only
to the care oStheSe, neglecting all the reft ; befides Dogs, which faithfully
watch their Houfes and Cattel, and are very Serviceable for hunting, a*
I have mentioned in that Chapter.
CHAP.
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