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forbade all burning on rock, on very stony land, and
on sands covered by pine or heath. We doubt,
however, the wisdom of the clause which forbids such
cultivators to take more than two harvests of grain,
and lays down a rule that deciduous woods must not
be burnt again for thirty years, or resinous woods for
forty years. We think still worse of the proposal of
the late committee, that resinous forest should not be
burned over at all for the future, and of the clause in
the present forest law which forbids even the waste
left after timber-felling to be burnt over for the
purpose of sowing grain, unless the land is immediately
afterwards used for pasture or replanted as forest. We
can better understand the committee’s desire to forbid
the burning of all heath land. But the burning of
waste and dry mosses left after the old trees have been
felled may be most desirable. On dry soil and dry
moss it may be difficult to make the seeds of the trees
sprout, or to preserve the young growth, while on the
other hand it may be very profitable to take several
rich harvests without burning the soil itself, and
afterwards to obtain some good pasturage. In a country
like Finland there is always an abundance of miserable
old pasture land, often covered with ling and heath,
where good forests may be produced at very small
cost. The soil is firm and moist enough to allow the
seed to sprout and the young growth to thrive. The
old svedja is wasteful and antiquated, but burning
may, on the other hand, be of excellent service in
forestry, and it ought not to be forbidden. It is
worthy of note that the restrictions are not always
regarded, an inevitable result of legislative interference
with free popular transaction of business.
The manufacture of tar, in the old fashion, is no
less antiquated and wasteful than the svedja.
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