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p. i., сн. ii. STATE AND ELECTIVE CONSULAR OFFICERS. 7
Russian Government, and in which the appointment could not have
been made without the formal authorization of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, are excepted.1 Russian State Officials are not permitted to
buy or acquire interest in property the sale of which has been entrusted
to them by the Government2 ; they are forbidden to enter into
agreements or contracts of any kind whatever, either directly, or in the
names of their wives, in those places where they are officially employed,
and they are especially forbidden to participate in such contracts
through agents.3
State Consuls may hold office either as Consuls-General, Consuls,
Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents ; Elective Consular Officers may
be either Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents. State Consuls
are subordinate to the Russian Ministry for Foreign Affairs and are
under the orders of the Russian Legation or Embassy accredited to
the countries in which they reside. They are, further, required to
carry out such special instructions as may be addressed to them directly
by the Ministries of Finance or Marine.4
Elective Consuls are subordinate to the State Consuls of their
respective districts, who are responsible for all their acts. They
must be furnished by the State Consuls with instructions, in strict
conformity with existing Russian regulations, and receive from them
any further directions of which they may stand in need. All their
letters and reports (including the annual trade report) must be addressed
to the State Consul of their district, except when the Russian
Legation or Embassy considers it necessary to correspond with them
direct.5
The State Consul is solely responsible, within the limits of his
Consular district, for every act coming within the scope of the Consular
functions whether performed by himself or by a subordinate Elective
Consul. In case of negligence on the part of an Elective Consul, or
of disobedience, fraud or any other offence, the State Consul is entitled
to reprimand or even, if the case is sufficiently serious, to suspend
him from his office and recommend his dismissal to the Russian Ministry
of Foreign Affairs.
As the State Consul can only be made responsible for acts of
Elective Consuls which come within the scope of Consular functions,
his responsibility is not impaired by acts of Elective Consular Officers
which do not lie within the limits of such functions. In the year 1904
a Russian Elective Consular Officer in Great Britain appropriated a
sum of money left by a Russian subject who died there. Those who
had a claim towards this inheritance tried to make the Russian Consul
at Newcastle-on-Tyne, to whom the Elective Consul was subordinate,
responsible on the strength of Art. 10 of the Consular Regulations.
But, as the defalcation had been committed without the knowledge
of the State Consul, the latter denied such responsibility as coming
into the range of " Consular functions."
1 Cons. Reg., Art. 3. 2 Reg., of Civil Service, Art. 771.
3 Reg., of Civil Service, Art. 772. 4 Cons. Reg., Art. 5.
5 Cons. Reg., Art. 8.
5, 6, 7.
§5.
State and
Elective
Consular
ranks.
§6.
Instruction
of Elective
Consular
Officers.
§7. [-Responsibility-]
{+Responsi-
bility+} of
State
Consuls.
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