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TO DAGHESTAN
95
revolution and civil war that ended in 1921.
It governs itself in home affairs, but for other
purposes it is a part of the Russian Soviet-
Socialist Federative Republic, which again, with the
Ukraine, the Trans-Caucasian Republics, White
Russia, the Turkoman Republic, and Uzbegistan,
måkes up the great Federation of Soviet-Socialist
Republics.
The Daghestan Republic stretches for 360 kilo
metres along the west coast of the Caspian Sea from
the river Samur south ofDerbent to the river Kuma
in the steppes to the north. The total area is about
54,000 square kilometres. According to President
Samursky’s statement the areas of the various
kinds of land in square kilometres are as follows ;
Square Kilometres
Republic of Daghestan 49,660
Bare mountains 1 7, 1 00
Swamps and reedy land 35200
Sandy land 355i0
Forest 15980
Grass-land 10,940
Meadow-land 7,700
Arable land 4>955
Gardens 265
The southern half of the republic is the mountain
land Daghestan (= rock-land) proper, which
stretches from the coast over the ridges of the
Caucasus south-westwards to the valley of the
Alasån. On the south it marches with Azerbaidjan,
on the south-west with Georgia, on the west north
wards of this with Chechnia. This mountain-land
is wild and crossed by lofty ridges with deep
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