Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 8. Manufactures of Stone, Clay, Charcoal, and Peat - Chinaware (Pottery) - Dutch Tile and Earthenware Manufacture
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844
x. manufacturing industries of 8wedbn.
Between 1870 and 1880, the value of production at the Swedish
chinaware factories amounted to 1,930,000 kronor annually; during the
succeeding decade, to 2,491,000 kronor; and between 1890 and 1895, to
2,734,000 kronor annually. In the year 1900, it is stated to have been
3,270,000 kronor; for real china the amount was only 626,000 kronor,
the remainder representing the value of the manufacture of faience ware.
The number of workmen employed at the two factories named, in 1900,
was 1,825. The amounts of imports and exports, calculated according
to their value, were (in kronor à l-io shilling or 0*268 dollar):
Value of Imports. Value of Exports.
Averages. Real China. Faience. Real China. Faience.
1871,80 ..................208,000 kr. 101,000 kr. 5,000 kr. 52,000 ki.
1881/90..................308,000 > 346,000 » 46,000 > 347,000 >
1891/95 ..................652,000 > 415.000 > 73,000 » 380.000 >
1896/00 ..................924,000 » 379,000 » 89,000 » 146,000 .
In 19001..............993,000 » 410,000 » 10,000 » 64,000 >
Under the heading of faience are included in the exports and imports returns:
Dutch tiles, stove-ornaments, crockery, glazed and unglazed, multi-coloured brick
building ornaments, terracotta goods, terralith, majolica, imitation china, and other
varieties of faience ware.
The above figures point to a great increase in the use of china
in Sweden. In spite of the excellence of the goods turned out by
Swedish manufacturers, which circumstance sooner or later is likely to
secure a market abroad for them, the exports have hitherto been but
inconsiderable, and have for the greater part gone to Norway.1
Dutch Tile and Earthenware Manufacture.
Tile stoves and articles of stone and earthenware were probably
first manufactured in Sweden in the 17th century; up to that time, and
even later, open fireplaces were in vogue. A. J. Westman, stove-builder,
did a great deal between 1840 and 1850 towards developing the branch
of industry he himself pursued. For making Dutoh tiles plastic stratified
clay-marl is used, a plentiful supply of which is found in many places
all over the country. The clay found near Uppsala has long been
considered the best for the manufacture of tiles, and has found a market
also abroad. In that town there are several tile factories, among which
the Uppsala—Ekeby occupies a very prominent position.
The Dutch tile industry has recently developed a greater variety
in ornamentation and in pattern and over-glaze colours; the finer types
of stove tiles in appearance approach the »majolica» and are also
designated by that name. The splendid majolica stoves made at Rörstrand
are of foreign raw material.
1 The decrease in the export of 1900 is probably owing, at any rate in some meisirt,
to a circumstance already pointed out several times in the preceding, that since the repeal
of the Swedish-Norwegian Commerce Treaty (see p. 190), the figures bearing upon the export
to Norway have been very incomplete.
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