Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - X. The Exchequer and Civic Duties
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the government, that is from the Economic
Department of the Senate. The calendar year is reckoned
as the financial year, and at the end of the year
all accounts of cash and materials are closed. What
has not been used in the course of the year cannot
be used later, or for other purposes, except where
the amount has not been given for certain definite
uses, or is expressly reserved for an object not
confined to the year; and even in this case it is not
allowable to use more than half of what was given
for the preceding year. The books must be closed
before the following March, and sent in before May
for audit. In closing them the budget estimate is
strictly followed.
Besides the government funds we may mention
a group of local funds established for public use.
The total of these at the end of 1898 was not less
than 40½ million marks, of which over 24½ millions
were in the towns, and less than 16 millions in the
country. Funds amounting altogether to 22 millions
exist to give assistance of different kinds: 8 millions
as a fund for pensions; 7½ for the poor; 2⅓ for help
of a general character; 3 for hospitals and nursing,
1¼ for sailors; also funds of more than 2¾ millions for
Church purposes; a fund of 4¾ millions for schools
and libraries ; 1⅓ million for scholarships ; 3 millions
for agriculture; 3⅓ millions for forestry; and about
1½ million for constructing roads and bridges,
establishing gardens, plantations, &c. Besides these funds,
there are pension funds amounting to 31¼ millions
for widows and orphans and for different classes of
officials.
It is of interest to record what is known about
the assets of the State. Most of the funds we have
mentioned show the progress in civilisation of the
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