Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - X. The Exchequer and Civic Duties
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expenses for the courts, however, pass through the
Communes, and not through the State treasury. The
financial administration, especially the expenses of the
custom-house, demands 2¼ millions; the custom-house
rather less than in most other countries. The
civil administration requires 6½ millions, including over
2 millions for sanitary purposes. Among other special
expenses may be noted the large amounts already
mentioned as paid for the post and the administration
of the forests; to which, as we have suggested, an
even larger amount might be applied profitably. Of
great interest are the considerable sums paid to the
public schools, which together with grants to the
Church amount to over 10 millions. Only half a
million of this is paid to the Lutheran State Church,
which obtains most of its resources from the
congregations; and about one million is granted to the University.
The balance of the budget for the general Department
of Instruction is now about 8 millions, of which 4
millions yearly go to the elementary schools.
Manufactures and commerce get over 2¾ millions, including
half a million for technical schools, of whose expenses
the Communes pay the larger part. Agriculture and
matters connected with it obtain 3 millions, in which
are included grants to agricultural schools, measures
in the interest of creameries and dairies, contributions
to the economic societies, &c. Relatively moderate
sums are applied to military defence and the payment
of interest on debt. In most other countries, where
the debt is generally the result of old wars, these
two items absorb two-thirds of the total State
expenses. In Finland the ordinary amount voted for
military defence is only 6½ millions; for the debt,
including some amortisation, a little more than 6
millions. We may further mention that the State of
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