Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries a
theory was held that the forests ought to be given
up to the interest of the mines and factories. This
was in accordance with the common protectionist
principles of the time, according to which these
mines and factories were supposed to be for the
benefit of the country, even if they did not pay, but
on the contrary cost more than they brought in. Now
the great question is, what to do for the peasants who
desire to utilise the land.
Such thoughts seem to have influenced the action
of the government even when they had under
consideration the question of purchasing the forests in the
public interest. It was not only at the time of the
general enclosure that the government acquired land.
On the recommendation of the Forest Committee of
1874, land was bought during the period of 1874-95
in those parts of the country where the government
thought it desirable to preserve the woods, and where
ground fit for this purpose was to be had; as, for
instance, in East Vasa, in South-West Åbo-Björneborg,
in South-East Tavastehus, and in St. Michel. For
about one million marks 170,000 acres was acquired.
To this must be added 425,000 acres reserved as
Crown parks when the donation estates in East and
North Viborg were purchased from the Russian nobles,
of which area 83,000 acres are still reserved for
peasants who may desire to buy them after paying for
their farms. Not only this work of purchasing forests
but the whole work of separating the agricultural land
from the forests, and especially the forming of Crown
parks for forest cultivation, has been stopped since
1895.
To what extent ought land to be granted to settlers
without payment? In the United States the best
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