Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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20 centimetres in diameter at a height of 5 metres are
cut down; on the coast and near the railway 15
centimetres is considered a proper diameter. Buyers soon
get used to smaller dimensions, and will now, for
instance, accept a plank 3 inches by 2½ inches, English
measure, because two such planks can be used where
formerly one of 6 inches by 2½ inches was necessary.
The export of pit-props or mining lumber and wood
for the manufacture of pulp and pasteboard, is new;
in 1885 such exports only reached 8600 cubic metres
in quantity and a value of less than 200,000 marks,
while in 1900 the quantity was about a million cubic
metres and the value 6 million marks.
The peasant proprietors especially are said to sell
their timber as soon as possible. And why should
they not do so when it is more profitable for them to
have the money? Without the money obtained in
recent years for timber the remarkable agricultural
progress which we have described could not have
taken place. All men have not employed their
money equally well; but this is the case with the
owners of most other capital and income. Complaints
are made, particularly of the poorer peasants,
that they are too willing to sell their woods at a low
price; but for them capital is of even more
importance. The woods are best managed in those districts
where agriculture is most advanced and where wood
has most value, such as Nyland, Finland proper, even
Åland, and part of Tavastland, which is still comparatively
rich in timber. In truth, the best forests are
found where the widely scattered woods and old trees,
which latter are mostly damaged, have been once or
twice cleared away. From the point of view of their
own interest the peasants in Finland and the
Scandinavian Peninsula show no little intelligence in the
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